空手道頭銜和術語
空手道起源於日本，其訓練中會用到許多日語術語和稱謂。了解這些術語有助於練習者更好地掌握空手道的紀律和文化。以下是一些常用術語：
職稱與等級
日文漢字
宗家
館長
副館長
支部長
副支部長
道場長
道場代理
首席師範
範士 *
教士 *
錬士 *
師範 #
指導師 %
指導員 %
先生
大先輩
先輩
後輩
有段者
無段者
初心者
羅馬字
SOKE
KANCHO
FUKU KANCHO
SHIBUCHO
FUKU SHIBUCHO
DOJOCHO
DOJOCHO DAIRI
SHUSEKI SHIHAN
HANSHI *
KYOSHI *
RENSHI *
SHIHAN #
SHIDOSHI %
SHIDOIN %
SENSEI
DAI-SENPAI
SENPAI
KOHAI
YUDANSHA
MUDANSHA
SHOSHINSHA
英文意思
Head of the Family / Grand Master
Chief Director
Deputy Chief Director
Divison / Branch Director
Deputy Divison/Branch Director
Dojo Director
Deputy Dojo Director
Chief Instructor (the Head Shihan)
Expert Instructor (with 8th Dan or above)
Advanced Instructor (with 7th Dan)
Experienced Instructor (with 6th Dan)
Superior Instructor (with 5th Dan or above)
Senior Instructor (with 4th Dan)
Instructor (with 3rd Dan)
Teacher (General speaking)
The only Big Brother/Sister of a club (usually is the 1 Kyu)
The person who's senior (or higher rank) to yourself
The person who's junior (or lower rank) to yourself
Black Belt Member (Shodan or above)
Non Black Belt Member (Color Belt Member)
Beginner (Kids Class Member)
* 通常情況下，我們不會在他/她面前使用這些頭銜。
#* 五段以上的老師可以稱為「師範 Shihan」。
% 三段和四段可以用頭銜稱呼，也可以直接稱呼為「先生Sensei」。
羅馬字
一般的
日文漢字
正座
気を付け
默想
治って
用意
始め
止め
はい
気合
SEIZA
KIOTSUKE
MOKUSOU
NAOTE
YOOI
HAJIME
YAME
HAI
KIAI
英文意思
Japanese sitting position
Pay attention
Close eyes and focus
Back to original position
Get Ready
Start
Stop
Means "Yes", "Okay"
Combine the technique with breathing
馬步
日文漢字
閉足立ち
結び立ち
平行立ち
外八立ち
内八立ち
四股立ち
三戦立ち
前屈立ち
半前屈立ち
猫足立ち
弁足立ち
後屈立ち
羅馬字
HEISOKU DACHI
MUSUBI DACHI
HEIKO DACHI
SOTO HACHI DACHI
UCHI HACHI DACHI
SHIKO DACHI
SANCHIN DACHI
ZENKUTSU DACHI
HAN ZENKUTSU DACHI
NEKO ASHI DACHI
BENSOKU DACHI
KOKUTSU DACHI
英文意思
Close Feet Stance
Open Feet Stance
Parallel Stance
Outside Character Eight Stance
Inside Character Eight Stance
Straddle Stance
Three-battles Stance
Forward Stance
Half Forward Stance
Cat Stance
Bent leg Stance
Back Ducking Stance
檔格
日文漢字
上段受け
中段受け
下段払い
掛け受け
内受け
外受け
手刀受け
背刀受け
羅馬字
JODAN UKE
CHUDAN UKE
GEDAN BARAI
KAKE UKE
UCHI UKE
SOTO UKE
SHUTO UKE
HAITO UKE
英文意思
Upper Block
Middle Block
Lower Sweep
Hooking Block
Forearm Inside Block
Middle Outside Block
Knife Hand Block
Reverse Knife Hand Block
攻擊
日文漢字
正拳突き
追突き
逆突き
上段突き
中段突き
下段突き
下突き
揚突き
羅馬字
SEI KEN TSUKI
OI TSUKI
GYAKU TSUKI
JODAN TSUKI
CHUDAN TSUKI
GEDAN TSUKI
SHITA TSUKI
AGE TSUKI
英文意思
Fore Fist Punch
Lunge Punch / Front Hand Punch
Reverse Punch
Upper Punch
Middle Punch
Lower Punch
Under Punch
Ascending Punch
踢腿
日文漢字
羅馬字
英文意思
前蹴り
MAE GERI
Forward Kick or Front Kick
関節蹴り
KANSETSU GERI
Knee Joint Kick
下段蹴り/金的蹴り
GEDAN GERI / KINTEKI GERI
Under Kick / Groin Kick
裏廻蹴り
URA MAWASHI GERI
Inward Roundhouse Kick
廻蹴り
MAWASHI GERI
Roundhouse Kick
横蹴り / 足刀蹴り
YOKO GERI / SOKUTO GERI
Side Kick / Knife Foot Kick
膝蹴り
HIZA GERI
Knee Kick
足払い
ASHI BARAI
Foot Sweep